| 1 |
Author(s):
Sunday Moses Adebayo Aloko, Zainab Mohammed & Ummulkaltum Umar Yelwa.
Page No : 1-17
|
Technology and Terror: Assessing Nigeria’s Use of Drones in Counter-Insurgency Operations
Abstract
This study examines the strategic role of Unmanned
Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in Nigeria’s counter-insurgency
operations, particularly in the context of the protracted
Boko Haram and ISWAP insurgencies. It assesses the
effectiveness of drone technology in enhancing
Nigeria’s intelligence-gathering and strike capabilities
while situating the analysis within the broader global
landscape of UAV deployment in conflict zones such as
the Middle East, North Africa, and Eastern Europe.
Employing a qualitative methodology, the study draws
on a combination of secondary sources, including
government reports, military communiqués/reports,
media analyses, and academic literature, as well as
interviews to evaluate the operational, strategic, and
policy implications of UAV usage in Nigeria. Findings
reveal that while Nigeria has made considerable gains in
leveraging drones for surveillance and targeted strikes,
the full potential of UAVs remains underutilised due to
regulatory gaps, infrastructural limitations, inter-agency
disarticulation, and overreliance on foreign technology.
The study concludes that a comprehensive drone
doctrine that includes domestic production, clear legal
frameworks, and regional collaboration is critical to
maximising UAV effectiveness and modernising Nigeria’s
national defence strategy in line with global best
practices.
Key Words: Drone Warfare, Counter-Insurgency, UAVs,
Nigeria, Comparative Security Strategy
| 2 |
Author(s):
Kafayat O. Oshodi (Ph.D) .
Page No : 18-38
|
Spousal Deployment and Perception of Personnel Wives on Perinatal Risk Outcome (Pre-Term Delivery, PTD) in Selected Army Barracks in Southwest Nigeria
Abstract
The study investigated the Pre-Term Delivery (PTD) among
Army Personnel Wives (APW) during Spousal deployment
(SD) in selected Army Barracks (ABs) in Southwest, Nigeria
(SW, N). Health Belief Model and a semi-structured
questionnaire were administered to 890 APW. Thirty-six Indepth
Interviews were conducted with APW and medical
personnel. Twenty-seven Key Informant Interviews were
conducted with six doctors (three in each MHs) and 21
nurses (three in each ABs). The quantitative data were
analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and
Spearman Rank Correlation. Respondents` age was
31.00±5.63years; 50.5% were primiparous, 34.3% were Hausa-
Fulani, and 19.1% had tertiary education. The result showed
APW experienced PTD (74%), which coincides with SD.
Causes of PTD included unaffordable medical bills (48%) and
stress (48%). There was a significant correlation between High
and Bad Stress and SD (rs=0.107) due to the frequency of
times of SD. Single parenting predisposed APW to much
stress, which resulted in PTD. SDs predisposed APWs to PTD in
selected ABs in the SW, N. Military authorities should focus
more on PT whose spouses are deployed than on available
spouses and bridge the widening communication gap
between spouses during deployments. This is to reduce the
fears and anxieties vis-à-vis PRs' experiences and outcomes
among spouses.
Key words: Army personnel wives, Spousal Deployment,
Perinatal Risks and Outcomes, Preterm Term Delivery.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Bem J Audu (Ph.D) and Hamza Nafiu.
Page No : 39-56
|
Insecurity and Informal Security Responses in Kaduna Metropolis: A Study of Yan Banga, 1983–2022
Abstract
This research investigates the phenomenon of insecurity in the
Kaduna metropolis and the rise of vigilante groups as an
informal security response to the escalating security
challenges. The study focuses on the emergence, formation,
impact, and challenges of these vigilante groups. It involves
their role in addressing criminal activities from 1983 to 2022. The
paper examines the creation and evolution of prominent
vigilante groups like 'Yan Banga,' Coalition Joint Task Force
(CJTF), and the Kaduna State Vigilant Service (KADVS), study
analyses their contribution to crime detection, prevention, and
control. It explores their effectiveness, and interaction with
formal security forces, the impact, and the challenges they
face. The study used primary and secondary sources such as
archival records, official documents, oral interviews, books,
journal articles, and online materials to assess their impact on
security in the Kaduna metropolis and beyond. It reveals that
vigilante groups have played a crucial role in curbing criminal
activities and enhancing community-level security, particularly
during crises like the post-election violence of 2011 and the
resurgence of the ‘Yan Shara’ gang between 2012 and 2014.
Despite the challenges faced by these vigilante groups, their
collaboration with formal security forces, including the police
and military, has been instrumental in addressing insecurity.
Community perceptions of vigilante groups are generally
positive and indispensable in ensuring safety and order.
However, concerns about potential abuses and the need for
proper regulation persist. It concludes that integrating formal
and informal security measures can improve urban security in
Kaduna state.
Key Words: Insecurity, Security, Vigilante Group, Informal
Security Responses
| 4 |
Author(s):
Maryam Hamza (Ph.D) and Rilwanu Aisha Musa aisharilwanmusa@ gmail.com.
Page No : 57-77
|
Banditry and Food Production in Kankara Local Government Area of Katsina State, 2015–2022
Abstract
Since 2015, heavily armed criminal gangs have carried out frequent
attacks on rural farming communities in Kankara LGA, targeting
villages for cattle rustling, kidnappings for ransom, and violent
looting of property. These incessant violent raids have created an
atmosphere of perpetual terror and economic uncertainty among
residents. Agricultural production, the mainstay of the local
economy, has been seriously disrupted due to farmers abandoning
their fields out of fear. Livestock rearing, another important
livelihood, has also been affected by cattle theft. Despite the
heavy presence of security forces in the area, the gangs have
proved remarkably elusive. The spiralling violence has paralyzed
daily life and economic activity in Kankara. This study adopts the
descriptive and analytic historical method of data analysis by
relying on primary and secondary sources. The primary sources
include oral interviews, archival sources, government and private
organizational reports, and newspapers. The secondary sources
consist of published books, journals, and electronic sources etc. The
study finds that banditry has caused a drastic reduction in farmland
cultivation and crop production, with individual farmers reducing
their cultivated land by over 50% and total agricultural output in key
crops like maize, rice, and groundnuts dropping by nearly half
between 2015 and 2022. The study also reveals that, the activities of
bandits have crippled trade and market operations, especially in
key markets like Kankara Central, Pauwa, Mabai, and Yargoje,
leading to the withdrawal of local and international traders due to
fear of attacks and insecurity along trade routes. The study
concludes that banditry has devastated both agriculture and
commerce in Kankara Local Government Area, worsening food
insecurity, displacing livelihoods, and threatening the region’s
socio-economic stability.
Keywords: Banditry, Farmers, Insecurity, Kidnapping
| 5 |
Author(s):
Bem Japhet Audu (Ph.D.) and Don Onyeabo Igwilo .
Page No : 78-97
|
The Implications of Insecurity on Food Production in Kaduna State: A Case Study of Chikun, Kajuru and Kachia Local Government Areas, 2015-2023
Abstract
Insecurity has been identified as one of the most devastating
phenomena that have crippled social, political, and
economic activities in Kaduna State over the years, especially
in the Southern Kaduna Area. With specific reference to food
production, Chikun, Kachia, and Kajuru Local Government
Areas that are rich in agricultural production, contributing
about 36% to Kaduna’s GDP, have been greatly affected by
various forms of insecurity such as farmers/herders clashes,
rural banditry, kidnapping for ransom, cattle rustling, armed
robbery, and communal clashes that altered food production
resulting in displacing farmers, destruction of farmlands,
devastating inter-group relations, disrupting markets, and
depriving the areas with profitable investment among others.
This study examined the above implications of insecurity on
agricultural production in the areas. The study adopted the
analytic and descriptive method of historical data analysis
using primary and secondary sources that include archival
sources, oral interviews, journals, published books, and
conference and seminar papers among others. The study finds
that insecurity such as banditry, cattle rustling, and
farmer/herders clashes among others have disrupted
agricultural activities and food production in the areas. The
paper concludes that the government and other stakeholders
have put in place several measures towards addressing
insecurity in the three local government areas which have
yielded significant results, thereby reducing the magnitude of
the devastating effect on food production.
Key words: Chikun, Food Production, Insecurity, Kachia, Kajuru,
Chikun
| 6 |
Author(s):
Elizabeth Aisha Bature and Ademola Akinto.
Page No : 98-116
|
L eadership, Ethics and Legislative Performance in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic, 1999–2019
Abstract
The study examines ethical problems in legislative
governance in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic (1999–2019) for their
influence on democratic development in the country. The
constitutional duty of the legislature to create laws and
oversee government represents an obligation that its
performance struggles to meet because corruption exists
while public trust reflects poorly, and ethical standards remain
limited. The study employs an analytical and thematic
approach while it sought empirical data collection from the
involved actors, including legislators, executives, judiciary
members, civil society actors, and security personnel, and the
data provides information on ethical problems that
encompass inflated budgets and excessive pay, along with
insufficient transparency and inadequate oversight
procedures. The study demonstrates how constitutional roles
differ from operational practices in the National Assembly
because it lacks substantial internal ethical guidelines and
accountability systems. This study demonstrates how
executive-legislative relationships can hinder effective
governance when they become influenced by political
interests. The findings indicate that ethical breakdown in
legislative activity simultaneously destroys public confidence
and damages democratic organizations. The study suggests
implementing whole ethics frameworks while raising civic
participation levels alongside tighter accountability
enforcement practices. The legislature requires ethical
leadership consolidation to develop a governance platform
that supports democratic sustainability and maintenance in
Nigeria.
Keywords: Leadership, Ethics, Legislative Performance, Fourth
Republic, Nigeria
| 7 |
Author(s):
Sulaiman Salihu Abdullahi.
Page No : 117-127
|
Assessing the Impact of Leadership on Girl-Child Education in Zamfara State, 2020 -2024
Abstract
This paper explores the impact of basic education in
developing future female leaders in Zamfara State. Basic
education from the Nigerian context, deals with the provision of
education from the primary up to the first three years of the
secondary level of education. It is the basic foundation for
preparing female children for any leadership responsibility in
their future endeavours. Leadership roles should not be
restricted to males only, as females have a role to play in
nation-building. This study adopts a qualitative research
approach. Therefore, both secondary and primary sources
were used. The secondary sources included books, journals,
and other relevant materials, while the primary sources
comprised individual oral interviews and discursive interviews.
The study used purposive sampling techniques to select
important personalities with vast experience in education and
leadership in three local governments, such as Zurmi, Maru, and
Shinkafi. The findings of the seminar reveal that age-long
cultural stereotypes deter many parents from allowing their
female children to develop future leadership careers. The
community leaders are optimistic about girl-child education
and the leadership career of female children. This is evidenced
in the way all the community leaders in the three local
governments responded with positive notes on the plight of girlchild
education. The paper recommends among others that
the governors and traditional leaders in northern Nigeria should
collaborate in sensitizing the parents to the need to allow their
female children to acquire basic education and cherish
leadership careers.
Keywords: Leadership, Girl-Child Education, Basic Education
Societal Progress
| 8 |
Author(s):
Muhammad Ibrahim Kofar Soro and Godiya Ishaku .
Page No : 128-142
|
Assessing the Economic Implications of South Africa’s Shoprite Presence in Abuja, 2019-2024
Abstract
This study examines the economic benefits of Shoprite, a large
South African Supermarket, in Abuja, Nigeria between 2019 and
2024. It focuses on the economic contribution of the market to
the Nigerian people as well as the challenges the establishment
experienced in the course of coordinating its business. The
paper identifies a gap that though there have been works on
Shoprite there is none which had been written on its economic
impact. The work adopts the use of both primary and
secondary sources to do a reconstruction of Shoprite’s history
through oral interviews with Shoprite's workers, customers, and
other stakeholders. Findings from the work reveal that through
collaborations with local producers like Dangote and Olam,
Shoprite helps promote Nigerian-made products and
strengthens the local economy. It also finds that the Shoprite
market in Abuja has a positive economic impact by
establishing strong partnerships with many reputable agencies
thereby creating jobs, boosting economic growth, making
goods available for consumers to use, assisting in community
development, changing consumer behaviour, and advancing
cultural integration. Similarly, the work examines challenges
such as temporal closure during socio-political crises,
infrastructural deficiencies, low sales during the rainy season,
economic instability, an unpredictable regulatory environment,
and other security concerns that affect the smooth operation
of the business. The study concludes that Shoprite's presence in
Abuja has the potential to promote social progress and
inclusive development by making use of creative strategies for
all-round development and expansion.
Keywords: Shoprite, Supermarkets, Multinational Corporations
(MNCs), Retail Chains and Economic Impact
| 9 |
Author(s):
Yakubu Oseni.
Page No : 143-155
|
National Assembly Leadership and National Security Burden: A Case Study of Banditry in Katsina State of Nigeria, 2020 – 2024
Abstract
This paper examines the role of the National Assembly in
addressing national insecurity, with a particular focus on the
impact of banditry in Katsina State between 2020 and 2024. The
prevalence of banditry in several Local Governments in Katsina,
including Bakori, Safana, and Jibia, has contributed to
widespread suffering among the local population. While
numerous articles and reports, both print and online, have
discussed the issue, they often provide one-sided accounts
without direct engagement with affected individuals to
capture firsthand experiences of their hardships. To address this
gap, the study employs a historical research methodology,
incorporating a combination of oral and discursive interviews
with community members, security agencies, and local leaders.
These interviews offer new insights into the role of National
Assembly representatives in combating banditry in the region.
The study reveals that the elected legislators from Katsina State
demonstrate a notable indifference to the concerns of their
constituents. There is a lack of meaningful engagement
between the legislative leadership and the people, as these
representatives fail to monitor or intervene in security efforts
within their constituencies. The paper concludes by urging the
National Assembly leadership to fulfill its constitutional
responsibility by championing people-oriented security
initiatives. Furthermore, it recommends increased oversight of
the security sector, including scrutinising the allocation and
utilisation of security funds and holding accountable those
responsible for financial mismanagement in the sector.
Key Words: National Assembly, Leadership, National Security,
Banditry
| 10 |
Author(s):
Dimla Joel Nchinney and Hussaini Jibrin (PhD).
Page No : 156-170
|
An Assessment of the Challenges Confronting Government in Securing Crude Oil Pipelines and Strategies of addressing them in Bonny Island, Nigeria
Abstract
The Nigerian Oil sector is the most important source of revenue to
the nation. In the last two decades, the sector has suffered
challenges of frequent pipeline vandalism by some criminal
groups, an event that has led to a reduction in the quantity of
crude oil being explored. This article attempts to assess the
challenges associated with the government's efforts in securing
the pipelines and provides strategies for addressing the
challenges of the crude oil vandalism with particular reference
to the Bonny Oil Terminal. The article adopts a qualitative
methodology through the use of both primary and secondary
sources of data collection. Primary data were generated
through Key Informant Interview (KII), and secondary data were
utilized using books, journals, articles, conference papers, and
government documents that are related to the subject matter. It
also uses frustration–aggression theory to analyze the challenges
and ways to remedy them. The findings of the article reveal that
there is a significant relationship between pipeline vandalism
and the effective functioning of the Bonny terminal. Equally, part
of the modes of operation by the vandals is the use of
equipment to puncture the pipelines. They have experts who are
engineers who use a hose to link the oil from underground. They
cover it so that it will not be detected, and then connect the
hose to a far place where the refining takes place. They also
have a big boat that is solely used for transporting oil to its selling
destination, among other modus operandi. Consequently, it is
recommended that a robust community policing program be
established with residents in maintaining the safety of pipelines,
which would complement the patrol work of the security
agencies. Oil companies that operate in Bonny should provide
adequate economic opportunities in Bonny in order to reduce
this crime.
Keywords: Crude Oil, Securing Pipelines, Oil Bunkering, Bonny
Island, Nigeria
| 11 |
Author(s):
Romokere Mgbowaji Benson (PhD).
Page No : 171-188
|
The Role of Language in Inter-Ethnic Warfare in the Eastern Niger-Delta Region, 1900–1993
Abstract
This paper examined the role of language in inter-ethnic
warfare in the Eastern Niger Delta from 1900 to 1993. The
relevant inter-ethnic wars discussed include the Ogoni-
Obolo (Andoni) war in the 20th Century, the Okrika-Kalabari
war of 1948-1950 and the Okrika-Ogoni war in 1993. In these
inter-ethnic wars, language plays a major role in warfare,
which aided the systematic and strategic invasion and
execution of enemies. Language, beyond its role in warfare,
reinforces ethnic relations as well as integration in times of
peace. It is imperative to note that most ethnic wars ended
at the table of negotiation with the use of effective
language. This study relied on primary and secondary
sources to document the historical antecedents. The finding
of this study shows that language is not only for
communication and cultural identity but also for enhanced
conquest of the enemy during war. It concluded that
Language is a reliable source of warfare and restoration of
peace in the sub-region in particular.
Key Words: Role, Language, Inter-Ethnic, Warfare, Eastern
Niger Delta
